In modern electronic devices such as smartphones, Wi-Fi routers, and satellite navigation systems, there is an invisible “messenger” at work—Radio Frequency (RF) communication technology. This wireless transmission method, which uses electromagnetic waves to carry information, is quietly transforming our daily lives.  The Fundamentals of RF CommunicationRadio Frequency refers to electromagne……

In today’s connected vehicles, navigation systems do far more than provide turn-by-turn directions. They are tightly integrated with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, and smart mobility platforms. At the heart of these capabilities are precise and reliable RF signals—received from satellites and transmitted between modules within the vehicle. Key……

In radar system, the circulator is the core passive device to realise efficient isolation and directional transmission of transceiver signals. Through the non-reciprocal property of ferrite material, it precisely guides the signal flow: when transmitting, it transmits high-power pulses from the transmitter to the antenna port in a directional manner, and when receiving, it guides the weak echoes c……